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Personal History
EducationResidency in Medical Physics, 2009, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis
PhD, Biological Engineering, 2003 , University of Missouri - Columbia
B.S., Electronic Engineering, 1997, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Certification
American Board of Radiology, Certificate in Therapeutic Radiologic Physics, 2010
Positions
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, 2010 - present
Assistant Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, 2010
Instructor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, 2006 - 2009
Awards
* Flo-Dickey Funk research fellowship for vision and neurological research, 2003.
* Outstanding Graduate Student in Biological Engineering, 2003 & 2001.
* Outstanding Service Award for Friendship Association of Chinese Students and Scholars (FACSS), 2001.
Research Interests
* PET/CT in radiation oncology* Biomedical image analysis
* Image guided radiation therapy
Clinical Speciality
Therapeutic Medical Physicist
Grants & Contracts:
1. NIH 1R21 CA131979-01A1 (PI: Lu) PET-Guided Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation Therapy
The major goal is to develop reliable, semi-automatic methods for delineating tumors in PET/CT and to evaluate these methods using surgical pathology tumor volume.
2. NIH 1R01CA116712-01A2 (PI: Low)
Positron Emission Tomography for Radiation Therapy
The major goals are to develop a quantitative method for reducing breathing motion artifacts in PET imaging of thoracic and upper abdominal tumors.
3. NIH 1R01 CA134541-01 (PI: Parikh),
Incorporating Real-time Localization in Radiation Therapy Planning and Delivery.
The major goals are to integrate real-time tumor tracing with cross-sectional imaging into a radiation therapy treatment planning system that can measure the effects of geometric uncertainty with high precision.
4. NIH 2R01 CA096679-05A2 (PI: Low)
Lung Trajectory Mapping for Radiation Oncology
The major goals are to model lung motion and dose distribution due to breathing motion.
5. NIH 1 R01 CA096679 (PI: Low)
Lung Trajectory Mapping
The goal is to model lung and tumor motion caused by patient respiration for radiation therapy.
6. Flo-Dickey Funk research fellowship
Imaging system for pupillary light reflex
The goal was to develop hardware and software that measure the pupil size in infrared mouse eye images for pupillary light reflex for vision and neurological research.
Publications
Peer-Reviewed Journal PapersD. A. Low, T. Zhao, B. White, D. Yang, S. Mutic, C. E. Noel, J. D. Bradley, P. J. Parikh, and W. Lu, "Application of the Continuity Equation to a Breathing Motion Model", Med. Phys. 37, 1360-1364 (2010). PMCID: PMC2847940.
D. Yang, S. M. Goddu, W. Lu, O. L. Pechenaya, Y. Wu, J. O. Deasy, I. El Naqa, and D. A. Low, "Technical note: deformable image registration on partially matched images for radiotherapy applications," Med Phys. 37, 141-145 (2010).
R. Werner, B. White, H. Handels, W. Lu, and D. A. Low, "Technical note: development of a tidal volume surrogate that replaces spirometry for physiological breathing monitoring in 4D CT," Med Phys. 37, 615-619 (2010). PMCID: PMC2816987.
T. Zhao, W. Lu, D. Yang, S. Mutic, C. E. Noel, P. J. Parikh, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Characterization of free breathing patterns with 5D lung motion model," Med Phys. 36, 5183-5189 (2009). PMCID: PMC2774350.
G. Li, H. Xie, H. Ning, W. Lu, D. Low, D. Citrin, A. Kaushal, L. Zach, K. Camphausen, and R. W. Miller, "A novel analytical approach to the prediction of respiratory diaphragm motion based on external torso volume change," Phys Med Biol. 54, 4113-4130 (2009).
G. Li, N. C. Arora, H. Xie, H. Ning, W. Lu, D. Low, D. Citrin, A. Kaushal, L. Zach, K. Camphausen, and R. W. Miller, "Quantitative prediction of respiratory tidal volume based on the external torso volume change: a potential volumetric surrogate," Phys. Med. Biol. 54, 1963-1978 (2009).
S. R. Chaudhari, S. M. Goddu, D. Rangaraj, O. L. Pechenaya, W. Lu, E. Kintzel, K. Malinowski, P. J. Parikh, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Dosimetric variances anticipated from breathing- induced tumor motion during tomotherapy treatment delivery," Phys Med Biol. 54, 2541-2555 (2009).
H. Li, W. L. Thorstad, K. J. Biehl, R. Laforest, Y. Su, K. I. Shoghi, E. D. Donnelly, D. A. Low, and W. Lu (Corresponding Author), "A novel PET tumor delineation method based on adaptive region-growing and dual-front active contours," Med. Phys. 35, 3711-3721 (2008).
D. Yang, W. Lu, D. A. Low, J. O. Deasy, A. J. Hope, and I. El Naqa, "4D-CT motion estimation using deformable image registration and 5D respiratory motion modeling," Med. Phys. 35, 4577-4590 (2008). PMCID: PMC2673589.
W. Lu, J. Tan, K. Zhang, and B. Lei, "Computerized mouse pupil size measurement for pupillary light reflex analysis," Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 90, 202-209 (2008).
W. Lu and J. Tan, "Detection of incomplete ellipse in images with strong noise by iterative randomized Hough transform (IRHT)," Pattern Recognition. 41, 1268-1279 (2008).
J. R. Olsen, W. Lu, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. M. Nystrom, P. Klahr, J. D. Bradley, D. A. Low, and P. J. Parikh, "Effect of novel amplitude/phase binning algorithm on commercial four-dimensional computed tomography quality," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 70, 243-252 (2008). PMCID: PMC2702992.
E. D. Donnelly, P. J. Parikh, W. Lu, T. Zhao, K. Lechleiter, M. Nystrom, J. P. Hubenschmidt, D. A. Low, and J. D. Bradley, "Assessment of intrafraction mediastinal and hilar lymph node movement and comparison to lung tumor motion using four-dimensional CT," Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 69, 580-588 (2007). PMCID: PMC2149909
G. E. Christensen, J. H. Song, W. Lu, I. El Naqa, and D. A. Low, "Tracking lung tissue motion and expansion/compression with inverse consistent image registration and spirometry," Med Phys. 34, 2155-2163 (2007).
R. Werner, H. Handels, J. Ehrhardt, D. Saring, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, and D. Low, "Motion artifact reducing reconstruction of 4D CT image data for the analysis of respiratory dynamics," Methods Inf Med. 46, 254-260 (2007).
H. Handels, R. Werner, R. Schmidt, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, "4D medical image computing and visualization of lung tumor mobility in spatio-temporal CT image data," Int J Med Inform. (2007).
J. Ehrhardt, R. Werner, D. Saring, T. Frenzel, W. Lu, D. Low, and H. Handels, "An optical flow based method for improved reconstruction of 4D CT data sets acquired during free breathing," Med Phys. 34, 711-721 (2007).
W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, J. P. Hubenschmidt, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "A comparison between amplitude sorting and phase-angle sorting using external respiratory measurement for 4D CT," Med. Phys. 33, 2964-2974 (2006).
W. Lu, M. M. Nystrom, P. J. Parikh, D. R. Fooshee, J. P. Hubenschmidt, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "A semi-automatic method for peak and valley detection in free-breathing respiratory waveforms," Med. Phys. 33, 3634-3636 (2006).
J. D. Bradley, A. N. Nofal, I. M. El Naqa, W. Lu, J. Liu, J. Hubenschmidt, D. A. Low, R. E. Drzymala, and D. Khullar, "Comparison of helical, maximum intensity projection (MIP), and averaged intensity (AI) 4D CT imaging for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) planning in lung cancer," Radiother Oncol. 81, 264-268 (2006).
H. Handels, R. Werner, T. Frenzel, D. Saring, W. Lu, D. Low, and J. Ehrhardt, "Generation of 4D CT image data and analysis of lung tumour mobility during the breathing cycle," Stud Health Technol Inform. 124, 977-982 (2006).
W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, J. P. Hubenschmidt, D. G. Politte, B. R. Whiting, J. D. Bradley, S. Mutic, and D. A. Low, "Reduction of motion blurring artifact using respiratory gated CT in sinogram space: a quantitative evaluation," Med. Phys. 32, 3295-3304 (2005).
W. Lu, J. Tan, and R. Floyd, "Automated fetal head detection and measurement in ultrasound images by iterative randomized Hough transform," Ultrasound Med Biol. 31, 929-936 (2005).
W. Lu, P. J. Parikh, I. M. ElNaqa, M. M. Nystrom, J. P. Hubenschmidt, S. H. Wahab, S. Mutic, A. K. Singh, G. E. Christensen, J. D. Bradley, and D. A. Low, "Quantitation of the four-dimensional computed tomography process for lung cancer patients," Med. Phys. 32, 890-901 (2005).
W. Lu, D. A. Low, P. J. Parikh, M. M. Nystrom, I. M. ElNaqa, S. H. Wahab, M. Handoko, D. Fooshee, and J. D. Bradley, "Comparison of spirometry and abdominal height as four-dimensional computed tomography metrics in lung," Med. Phys. 32, 2351-2357 (2005).
D. A. Low, P. J. Parikh, W. Lu, J. F. Dempsey, S. H. Wahab, J. P. Hubenschmidt, M. M. Nystrom, M. Handoko, and J. D. Bradley, "Novel breathing motion model for radiotherapy," Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 63, 921-929 (2005).
W. Lu and J. L. Tan, "Grain pattern characterization and classification of walnut by image processing," Wood and Fiber Science. 36, 311-318 (2004).
W. Lu and J. Tan, "Analysis of image-based measurements and USDA characteristics as predictors of beef lean yield," Meat Science. 66, 483-491 (2004).
S. Kupongsak, J. Tan, I. Hatem, W. Lu, B. Guthrie, and M. Tanoff, "Set point determination from sensory evaluations for food process control," Journal of Food Process Engineering. 27, 87-102 (2004).
Book Chapters
W. Lu, L. Santanam, C. Noel, P. J. Parikh, D. A. Low, “Chapter 58. 4D Treatment” in Quality and Safety in Radiotherapy, [edited by] T. Pawlicki, et al. In Press.
D. A. Low, W. Lu, J. A. Purdy, C. A. Perez, S. H. Levitt, “Chapter 10. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy” in Technological Basis of Radiation Therapy, [edited by] S.H. Levitt, J.A. Purdy, C.A. Perez. 4th ed. Springer. New York, NY, (2006).
Faculty members:
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